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In response to the question of what is a transportation company, it can be said that a transportation company is a company that carries out the task of transporting cargo, passengers, packages, cargo, etc. from point A to point B. A transport company when it transports cargo is called a freight company and when it transports passengers it is called a passenger transport company. The transport company is divided into different types which are explained below.
The transport company is divided into domestic and foreign (international) categories in terms of its scope of activity:
1- Domestic transportation company: Domestic transportation company that has the only license to operate inside the country. Based on the definition of the Road Transport and Road Transport Organization, domestic transport companies are divided into three types, city, provincial and national. In the license of national domestic transport companies , companies can send cargo from any part of the country to another point. Road transport companies are sometimes divided into two types of urban transport companies and intercity transport companies. Urban transport companies operate within the limits of a city or province and usually obtain a license from the guilds of the same city. The cars of urban transport companies are decorated with the company’s brand and cannot leave the city, but intercity transport companies are allowed to operate between two cities or provinces.
2- Foreign (international) transport company: an international transport company that can operate beyond the borders of the country.
Transport companies are divided into three types, land , air and sea . Land transport companies are divided into road land transport companies and rail land transport companies .
In general, there are two types of transportation companies in terms of the cargo that is transported, first, companies that move passengers and individuals, and second, companies that move goods , packages, small cargo, and bulk cargo. These companies are transportation companies. It is also called goods. In another division, cargo transportation companies are divided into two types: bulk cargo transportation companies and retail cargo transportation companies. For example, in Tehran, the majority of small goods transportation companies are located in Shush area of Tehran and Darbasti transportation companies are located in Nasim Terminal of Tehran.
In another division, transport companies are divided based on the means of transport. For example, a bus transportation company, an intercity ride transportation company, a motorcycle transportation company, a van transportation company, a truck transportation company, a trolley transportation company , a ship transportation company , train transportation company. In this division, the vehicle with which the load is moved is chosen as the name of the transport company.
The freight company is limited to intra-city and inter-city goods movement and usually these transfers are done by road. But a transport company uses all road, air, sea and rail routes in domestic and international areas. Also, freight companies are only allowed to carry goods and cargo, but transport companies can move goods and passengers. There are differences in the rules for moving goods and passengers.
Transportation is a tool for moving goods, goods and people. Transport is the movement or transfer of people, animals or goods from one place to another. The mode of transportation can be air, land (rail or road), sea, cable, pipeline and space. This field can be divided into three parts: transportation infrastructure, transportation tools (vehicles), and transportation operation.
Transportation in the dictionary means moving from one place to another, and transportation engineering can be introduced as the application of mathematics and statistics to move passengers and goods with optimal use of materials and energy available in nature. Transportation is a completely interdisciplinary discussion, and the topics of transportation economics, geography and transportation optimization, and urban and regional planning are considered important topics in this science. (Kamran Nia, 2007). Transportation is divided into two parts: motorized transportation and non-motorized transportation. In Khamal, urban transportation is divided into two parts: public transportation and private transportation.
Moving halal goods, such as halal food, is permissible and the carrier is entitled to its reward. Transportation of haram goods, such as intoxicating substances, is haram and the contract is void, and as a result, the carrier will not be entitled to any remuneration if he knows about it.
The customs and rules and regulations of transporting goods and transporting passengers and users of urban transportation have major differences that we will examine in the rest of the article. In the process of transporting goods, the rules and methods of moving goods, permission to transport goods, necessary documents and customs laws, as well as the dimensions, type and weight of goods are very important, while in personal and public transportation, the design of the vehicle is designed to meet the necessary standards. They are considered for the number of passengers and the amount of cargo they carry.
If the transportation process is related to the movement of citizens in a public way for the purpose of urban, intercity or cross-border travel, it is called public transportation. In this type of service, the trip is shared by unknown people without prior agreement. If transportation is done using personal vehicles, it is called personal transportation. Public transportation of passengers is possible by road, air, rail, and sea, which is done by vehicles such as taxi (car ride), bus, subway, and monorail for urban transportation. In some countries, the transfer of passengers in the city is also done using boats and water ships
Also, passenger cars and buses, trains, airplanes and ships are used for intercity transportation. A transit permit will not be required for the transportation of passengers traveling between the cities of a country.
In cross-border transportation, passengers who intend to travel from one point in one country to another country also use air, sea, road and rail vehicles such as planes, trains, buses and ships. Passing between countries other than EU member countries requires a passport and a transit permit (visa). Of course, according to the regulations between countries, it will not be necessary to obtain a visa to move between specific countries. It should be noted that for cross-border trips with a private car, it is necessary to go to the customs office and receive an international license plate and certificate. The countries to which we do not need a visa to travel from Iran are: Armenia, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Laos, Macau, Maldives, Malaysia, Nepal, Timor, Sri Lanka and Turkey, Dominica, Haiti and the Cook Islands, Micronesia, New and Lao.
International transportation means the transfer of passengers or goods between two countries. These two countries may have a land, sea or air border. Transportation and distribution play an important role in international trade. It is necessary for companies to choose the correct shipping method to ensure the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of their packages. There are various factors that influence a company’s decision on the type of transportation. These factors can be commercial needs, destination country and type of goods. Road, sea, railway and air are the four ways of import and export.
International road transportation is carried out with the help of well-equipped and standard trucks so that no damage is done to the shipment. This method of transportation can be considered one of the oldest methods in which cargo is transported with the help of tent trucks, refrigerators, container carriers, etc. Due to the very low level of vibration and fluctuation, road transport is very suitable for moving goods with high sensitivity. Various goods such as petroleum products, petrochemicals, dangerous and perishable goods, heavy and traffic goods, etc. can all be done with the help of road transport. In addition, the shipping speed is also much higher than other ground transportation methods.
Disadvantages of road transport
Road transport is slower than air transport. Road hazards are an issue that cannot be easily ignored, these hazards sometimes cause all kinds of human and financial losses. While all types of sea, air or land routes are less involved in these types of risks. Although road transport is on the way to expand the transportable tonnage, it still has limitations. While in other transportation methods, you can send the bulk of your cargo at once. From the point of view of the environment, road transport is not very suitable due to its large area. But this issue has not been resolved for other ways of transportation. In simpler words, due to the fact that road transport has a higher percentage of use, it certainly produces a higher percentage of pollution. If the use of rail or marine industries was as much as road transportation, the percentage of pollution produced by them would probably be many times higher today.
Transportation infrastructures are fixed structures that allow vehicles to move. Infrastructure can include transportation networks such as roads, railways, airways, waterways, pipelines, etc. Terminals, such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, and ports, are places where passengers and cargo can be transferred from one vehicle to another.
